Independent technical practice

Biometrics & Identity Sciences

Reviewed and approved by Joseph Caruso. .

GDF examines biometric scanners and the software, databases and security controls behind them. Our work follows biometric information from capture through processing, storage, sharing and deletion, helping businesses and counsel establish what a system collects, how it uses that information and who can access it.

Fingerprint reference cards beside a livescan platen.

Identify the sensor, data and comparison method

Identify the actual sensor, algorithm version, templates, enrollment and comparison stages, liveness controls, retained records and access/export path. Fingerprint, facial, voice, iris and retinal technologies are distinct; a scanner category does not establish supported acquisition or expert comparison.

A privacy examination can map observed collection, template storage, transfers, access and deletion records. It cannot manufacture absent consent or retention evidence. Counsel evaluates the applicable statute, jurisdiction and obligations.

Primary references: Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act (opens in a new tab) · NIST Face Recognition Technology Evaluation (opens in a new tab).

Who we serve

  • Law Firms
  • Government Agencies
  • Financial Institutions
  • Insurers
  • Corporate Security

From a scanner to a stored identity record

Fingerprint, facial and retinal scanning systems involve more than the sensor. GDF examines the applications that receive captures, the templates or images they create, and the databases and services that retain them. We distinguish source images and recordings from derived templates, identifiers and matching results so the analysis describes the information the system actually handles.

We trace data between devices, applications, APIs, vendors and storage systems. Configuration, source code, database records and available logs can help establish whether information stays on a device, is sent elsewhere, is linked to a person, or persists after an account is closed. The scope of each examination depends on authorized access and the evidence available.

Security of biometric templates, images and databases

GDF examines access controls, administrative privileges, encryption, application interfaces, retention and deletion behavior around biometric data. We assess how a weakness could expose templates, images or associated identity records, and analyze evidence of unauthorized access or transfer where available.

Biometric data theft can create identity risks, but possession of a template does not automatically unlock every system that uses the same type of biometric. We examine the particular format, implementation and protections before drawing conclusions about reuse, impersonation or compromise.

Railroad, vehicle and voice-system matters

GDF's experience includes railroad biometric matters and matters involving automakers' microphone-based systems, in-vehicle cameras used to identify drivers, and voice-processing systems used to assess caller intent. These engagements require examination of the capture hardware, processing software and downstream handling of the resulting data.

A microphone or camera alone does not establish that a system creates a biometric identifier. Speech content analysis, caller-intent classification and speaker identification are different functions. We examine what the implementation does, what it retains and whether it links the result to an individual. This distinction helps counsel frame the technical questions accurately.

Technical evidence for biometric privacy disputes

GDF can document capture and enrollment, template generation, vendor transfers, retention, deletion and the controls protecting stored information. Reports explain the methods, findings and limits and support counsel's assessment of biometric privacy issues, including BIPA where applicable. Counsel determines the legal classification and obligations; GDF establishes the technical facts.

What counsel receives

A file another examiner could pick up.

The file identifies the systems and records examined, the examination method, the observations and the reasoning behind the opinion.

Technical conclusions are expressed at the level the evidence supports, including an inconclusive result when that is the sound answer.

  • Scope letter and stated assumptionsWhat was asked, what was examined, what was out of scope, and the assumptions the analysis rests on.
  • Evidence handling recordAcquisition details, hash values, storage and transfer, and a chain-of-custody log for each item.
  • Methodology statementTools, versions and procedures described so a second qualified examiner can repeat the work.
  • Findings, separated from interpretationObserved facts first; expert opinion identified as opinion, with the basis for each conclusion.
  • Limitations and unresolved questionsWhat the evidence cannot show, what was unavailable, and what further work would be required.
  • Exhibits and supporting materialExtracted artifacts, timelines and schedules in a form that can be attached to a filing or a board pack.
  • System examination documentationReference material, system analysis notes and the reasoning behind each conclusion, including inconclusive results.

How the system examination runs

  1. Capture

    Identify sensors, accounts and source records.

  2. Trace

    Follow images, templates and identity data.

  3. Assess

    Examine access, storage and security controls.

  4. Explain

    Document findings, evidence and limits.

Frequently asked

Common questions

What is the difference between an image and a biometric template?

A source image or recording and a derived template are different records. GDF examines what the implementation creates, stores and uses.

Does voice processing always identify a speaker?

No. Speech content analysis, caller-intent classification and speaker identification are different functions. We examine the implementation before drawing a conclusion.

Can stolen biometric data compromise an identity?

It can create identity risks. The format, implementation and protections determine whether and how the information could be reused.

Talk with an examiner

Discuss your matter and next step

Tell us the systems, evidence and deadline. We can review relevant experience, potential conflicts and the scope before engagement.

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Or call 1-800-868-8189

Email or phone is required. A submission does not create an engagement. For an active incident, please call. Read what we send with the request.

Talk with an examiner

Discuss the matter and the next step.

Tell us what happened and what you need to find out. Speak with a GDF expert about how we can help.

24/7 hotline: 1-800-868-8189

Expert analysis for litigation

When the evidence requires a technical opinion, explore the relevant expert witness service:

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